Whose or Who’s: Which Is Correct?
Whose shows possession. Who’s is who is or who has.
Whose turn is it? Who’s next?
The test that settles it
Expand the apostrophe to who is. If the sentence still works, it is who’s.
“___ bag is this” → who is bag fails, so whose.
“___ calling” → who is calling works, so who’s.
The apostrophe marks a missing letter, never ownership. Possessive pronouns — his, hers, its, theirs, whose — never take one.
Whose: belonging to whom
The possessive form of who, used both in questions and to join clauses. It works for things as well as people.
Whose idea was that?
The writer whose book we read.
A town whose name I forget.
Could you answer with mine or his? Then whose.
Who’s: who is, or who has
A contraction covering two expansions. The apostrophe replaces the missing letters, exactly as in it’s.
Who’s at the door?
Who’s got the tickets?
Tell me who’s coming.
Expand to who is or who has. If either reads, who’s.
Side by side
| Whose | Who’s |
|---|---|
| Belonging to whom | Who is or who has |
| Possessive | Contraction |
| No apostrophe | Apostrophe |
| Whose coat? | Who’s there? |
The exceptions
Some writers avoid a house whose roof leaks on the grounds that whose should apply only to people. There is no such rule — English has no other single word for the job, and the alternative, of which, is clumsy.
Its and whose are possessives without apostrophes; it’s and who’s are contractions with them. Learning one pair teaches the other.
Where people get it wrong
| Incorrect | Correct | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Who’s turn is it? | Whose turn is it? | Possession. |
| Do you know whose coming? | Do you know who’s coming? | Who is. |
| a company who’s profits fell | a company whose profits fell | Possession. |
| Whose got the key? | Who’s got the key? | Who has. |
Practice — choose the right word, then check yourself.
- ___ jacket is on the chair?
- ___ going to drive?
- The student ___ essay won is here.
- I wonder ___ left this.
- A village ___ name nobody can spell.
Show the answers
1. Whose 2. Who’s 3. whose 4. who’s 5. whose
Frequently asked
Why does the possessive have no apostrophe?
Because possessive pronouns never take one. The apostrophe in English marks either a missing letter or a possessive noun — not a possessive pronoun.
Can who’s mean who has?
Yes, when has is an auxiliary: who’s seen it? Not when it means possession — who has a pen? stays uncontracted.
Is it whose or who’s in “___ is this?”
Whose. Here it stands alone as a possessive pronoun: Whose is this? means Who does this belong to? The answer would be It’s mine.
Do I use whose for companies, countries and things?
Yes: a company whose profits rose, a country whose capital moved, a word whose meaning changed. There is no apostrophe form for things either.
What about who’s at the end of a sentence?
Avoid it. I know who’s sounds cut off, just as I know where it’s does; write I know who is. Contractions of is do not stand at the end of a clause.
Is whose related to who and whom?
Yes: who is the subject, whom the object and whose the possessive. See who vs whom for the other two.
More words people confuse
